Comparison of nZEB indicators for hotel renovations under different European climatic conditions
Hotels are among the top energy consumers in the non-residential sector, yet significant waste offers substantial opportunities for improvement—essential for meeting the EU’s nearly zero-energy building (nZEB) targets and climate-neutral goals by 2050. This study uses a typical four-star hotel as a case study to establish cost-optimal nZEB performance indicators across three European cities: Faro, London, and Athens.
Following a detailed energy audit and model calibration using building energy simulation, the research evaluates the best retrofit packages, demonstrating that significant energy savings and nZEB levels are technically and economically achievable for refurbished hotels across diverse climatic contexts.